Пользователи компьютеров на базе материнских плат «Asus» могут столкнуться с внезапной перезагрузкой их системы. После перезагрузки на экране высвечивается сообщение «Power supply surges detected during the previous power on. ASUS Anti-surge was triggered to protect system from unstable power supply unit.». Нажав на F2 пользователь может продолжить загрузку своей системы, но через какое-то время компьютер вновь внезапно перезагружается, и уже упомянутая надпись вновь появляется на экране. В этой статье я расскажу, что это за проблема, каковы её причины, и как исправить ошибку «Power supply surges detected during the previous power on» на вашем ПК.
Сообщение «Power supply surges detected during the previous power on» на экране монитора
В чём же причины данной проблемы?
В переводе с английского языка данное сообщение выглядит как «Зафиксирован скачок напряжения во время предыдущей работы. Инструмент «ASUS Anti-surge» был активирован для защиты системы от нестабильного блока питания».
То есть, встроенный в материнскую плату инструмент «ASUS Anti-surge» зафиксировал угрожающий скачок напряжения от блока питания, и для обеспечения безопасной работы компьютера выполнил отключение (перезагрузку) ПК.
Напомню читателю, что инструмент «ASUS Anti-surge» является специальной разработкой компании ASUS, направленной на защиту системы от перегрузок питания. Управляется данный инструмент через БИОС, где его можно легко включить/отключить.
Какие причины могли привести к упомянутому скачку напряжения? Я бы выделил следующее:
- Нестабильный (слабый по мощности, исчерпавший свой ресурс) блок питания компьютера;
- Скачки напряжения в сети (в том числе из-за действия подключенных к данной сети электроприборов);
- Нестабильно работающий сетевой фильтр;
- Недостаточно плотное соединение кабелей от блока питания к материнской плате.
Функция «ASUS Anti-surge» защищает материнскую плату ПК от скачков напряжения
Как исправить ошибку Power supply surges detected during the previous power on
Итак, если у вас произошла asus anti-surge перезагрузка, тогда, прежде всего, рекомендую понаблюдать, будет ли повторяться данная проблема. Если внезапные выключения компьютера продолжаются, и вы на экране видите сообщения о действии «ASUS Anti-surge», а сверху надпись American Megatrends, тогда рекомендую выполнить следующее:
- Проверьте плотность соединения кабелей от БП к материнской плате компьютера;
- Запускайте игровые программы на более слабых настройках, выбор максимальных может привести к активации AAS и отключению системы;
- Смените блок питания. Рекомендую приобрести более мощный БП от зарекомендовавшего себя производителя. В большинстве случаев в появлении дисфункции «ASUS Anti-surge» виноват именно БП, выдающий нестабильное напряжение;
Приобретите мощный блок питания для вашего ПК
Если вы осознаёте все риски, и решили отключить функцию asus anti-surge protect, тогда перейдите в «БИОС» — «Advanced Mode» — «Monitor» — «Anti Surge Support», и установите данный параметр в значение «Disabled» (отключен).
Заключение
Чтобы решить проблему «Power supply surges detected during the previous power on» рекомендую, прежде всего, проверить состояние блока питания вашего ПК, при необходимости сменив его на более мощный (особенно в случае, если вы используете вашу систему для компьютерных игр). В качестве паллиатива можно посоветовать отключение функции AAS в «БИОС», но при этом учтите, что вы действуете на свой страх и риск, и будет лучше оставить AAS активной, нежели потом сожалеть о выходе системы из строя.
повреждение в энергосистеме
Аномалия энергосистемы, вызванная отказом первичной цепи системы, первичного оборудования, аппарата, и которая обычно требует немедленного отсоединения поврежденной цепи, установки, оборудования или аппарата от энергосистемы путем отключения соответствующими выключателями.
Примечание — Повреждение в энергосистеме может быть поперечным, продольным или комбинированным. 
[ Разработка типовых структурных схем микропроцессорных устройств РЗА на объектах ОАО "ФКС ЕЭС". Пояснительная записка. Новосибирск 2006 г. ]
повреждение в энергосистеме
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[В.А.Семенов. Англо-русский словарь по релейной защите]
EN
power system fault
power system abnormality which involves, or is the result of, failure of a primary system circuit or item of primary system plant or equipment or apparatus and which normally requires the immediate disconnection of the faulty circuit, plant or equipment or apparatus from the power system by the tripping of the appropriate circuit-breakers
Note – Power system faults can be shunt, series and combination faults.
[IEV ref 448-13-02]
FR
défaut dans un réseau d’énergie
situation anormale d’un réseau d’énergie qui implique ou résulte d’une défaillance d’un circuit, d’un ouvrage, d’un matériel ou d’un appareil du réseau et qui nécessite normalement de déconnecter immédiatement du réseau d’énergie le circuit, l’ouvrage, le matériel ou l’appareil en défaut, par le déclenchement des disjoncteurs appropriés
Note – Les défauts dans les réseaux d’énergie peuvent être des défauts shunt, série et combinés.
[IEV ref 448-13-02]
Power-system protection is a branch of electrical power engineering that deals with the protection of electrical power systems from faults through the disconnection of faulted parts from the rest of the electrical network. The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components that are under fault, whilst leaving as much of the network as possible still in operation. Thus, protection schemes must apply a very pragmatic and pessimistic approach to clearing system faults. The devices that are used to protect the power systems from faults are called protection devices.
Contents
Components [ edit ]
Protection systems usually comprise five components:
- Current and voltage transformers to step down the high voltages and currents of the electrical power system to convenient levels for the relays to deal with
- Protective relays to sense the fault and initiate a trip, or disconnection, order
- Circuit breakers to open/close the system based on relay and autorecloser commands
- Batteries to provide power in case of power disconnection in the system
- Communication channels to allow analysis of current and voltage at remote terminals of a line and to allow remote tripping of equipment.
For parts of a distribution system, fuses are capable of both sensing and disconnecting faults
Failures may occur in each part, such as insulation failure, fallen or broken transmission lines, incorrect operation of circuit breakers, short circuits and open circuits. Protection devices are installed with the aims of protection of assets and ensuring continued supply of energy.
Switchgear is a combination of electrical disconnect switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment. Switches are safe to open under normal load current (some switches are not safe to operate under normal or abnormal conditions), while protective devices are safe to open under fault current. Very important equipment may have completely redundant and independent protective systems, while a minor branch distribution line may have very simple low-cost protection. [1]
Types of protection [ edit ]
High-voltage transmission network [ edit ]
Protection on the transmission and distribution system serves two functions: protection of plant and protection of the public (including employees). At a basic level, protection disconnects equipment which experiences an overload or a short to earth. Some items in substations such as transformers might require additional protection based on temperature or gas pressure, among others.
Generator sets [ edit ]
In a power plant, the protective relays are intended to prevent damage to alternators or to the transformers in case of abnormal conditions of operation, due to internal failures, as well as insulating failures or regulation malfunctions. Such failures are unusual, so the protective relays have to operate very rarely. If a protective relay fails to detect a fault, the resulting damage to the alternator or to the transformer might require costly equipment repairs or replacement, as well as income loss from the inability to produce and sell energy.
Overload and back-up for distance (overcurrent) [ edit ]
Overload protection requires a current transformer which simply measures the current in a circuit. There are two types of overload protection: instantaneous overcurrent (IOC) and time overcurrent (TOC). Instantaneous overcurrent requires that the current exceeds a predetermined level for the circuit breaker to operate. Time overcurrent protection operates based on a current vs time curve. Based on this curve, if the measured current exceeds a given level for the preset amount of time, the circuit breaker or fuse will operate. The function of both types is explained in "Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection" on YouTube.
Earth fault/ground fault [ edit ]
Earth fault protection also requires current transformers and senses an imbalance in a three-phase circuit. Normally the three phase currents are in balance, i.e. roughly equal in magnitude. If one or two phases become connected to earth via a low impedance path, their magnitudes will increase dramatically, as will current imbalance. If this imbalance exceeds a pre-determined value, a circuit breaker should operate. Restricted earth fault protection is a type of earth fault protection which looks for earth fault between two sets of current transformers [2] (hence restricted to that zone).
Distance (impedance relay) [ edit ]
Distance protection detects both voltage and current. A fault on a circuit will generally create a sag in the voltage level. If the ratio of voltage to current measured at the relay terminals, which equates to an impedance, lands within a predetermined level the circuit breaker will operate. This is useful for reasonably long lines, lines longer than 10 miles, because their operating characteristics are based on the line characteristics. This means that when a fault appears on the line the impedance setting in the relay is compared to the apparent impedance of the line from the relay terminals to the fault. If the relay setting is determined to be below the apparent impedance it is determined that the fault is within the zone of protection. When the transmission line length is too short, less than 10 miles, distance protection becomes more difficult to coordinate. In these instances the best choice of protection is current differential protection. [ citation needed ]
Back-up [ edit ]
The objective of protection is to remove only the affected portion of plant and nothing else. A circuit breaker or protection relay may fail to operate. In important systems, a failure of primary protection will usually result in the operation of back-up protection. Remote back-up protection will generally remove both the affected and unaffected items of plant to clear the fault. Local back-up protection will remove the affected items of the plant to clear the fault.
Low-voltage networks [ edit ]
The low-voltage network generally relies upon fuses or low-voltage circuit breakers to remove both overload and earth faults.
Cybersecurity [ edit ]
The bulk system which is a large interconnected electrical system including transmission and control system is experiencing new cybersecurity threats every day. (“Electric Grid Cybersecurity,” 2019). Most of these attacks are aiming the control systems in the grids. These control systems are connected to the internet and makes it easier for hackers to attack them. These attacks can cause damage to equipment and limit the utility professionals ability to control the system.
Coordination [ edit ]
Protective device coordination is the process of determining the "best fit" timing of current interruption when abnormal electrical conditions occur. The goal is to minimize an outage to the greatest extent possible. Historically, protective device coordination was done on translucent log–log paper. Modern methods normally include detailed computer based analysis and reporting.
Protection coordination is also handled through div >[3]
Disturbance-monitoring equipment [ edit ]
Disturbance-monitoring equipment (DME) monitors and records system data pertaining to a fault. DME accomplish three main purposes:
DME devices include: [5]
- Sequence of event recorders, which record equipment response to the event
- Fault recorders, which record actual waveform data of the system primary voltages and currents
- Dynamic disturbance recorders (DDRs), which record inc >Performance measures [ edit ]
Protection engineers define dependability as the tendency of the protection system to operate correctly for in-zone faults. They define security as the tendency not to operate for out-of-zone faults. Both dependability and security are reliability issues. Fault tree analysis is one tool with which a protection engineer can compare the relative reliability of proposed protection schemes. Quantifying protection reliability is important for making the best decisions on improving a protection system, managing dependability versus security tradeoffs, and getting the best results for the least money. A quantitative understanding is essential in the competitive utility industry. [6] [7]
Performance and design criteria for system-protection devices include reliability, selectivity, speed, economy, and simplicity. [8]
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Reliability: Devices must function consistently when fault conditions occur, regardless of possibly being >See also [ edit ]
